Now we're up against the Second Law of Thermodynamics that says - for our purposes - that a closed system can never run at 100 percent efficiency, no matter what (aka, you can't even break even). What about just plain perpetual motion, that is, something that keeps moving eternally without doing any actual work? Isn't that possible? 'Fraid not. More to the point - and common to all "wheel" types of perpetual motion machines - the center of gravity of the moving part is lower than the central axle, meaning that once started, it will end up swinging to and fro like a pendulum before friction causes it to stop.īut wait, I've been talking about perpetual motion machines. Except four balls on the right (in this case) are counterbalanced by five on the left. ![]() (Next up: automobiles that run on water.)Ī 20th century version of Bhaskara's Wheel is shown in the "mass leverage" contraption above, in which the metal balls on the right have more leverage than those on the left, creating perpetual rotation. Perhaps that should be amended: the only free lunches are eaten by inventors who are able to con rubes into investing in their "free energy" machines. Remember? Energy can be neither created nor destroyed, aka there's no free lunch. And bang goes the First Law of Thermodynamics. No energy goes in, some energy comes out. I'll leave it to you to figure out how the wheel in the video keeps turning, but even if you don't watch it, you already know it's a scam, right? From Bhakskara on down to the present time, inventors have been presenting the world with perpetual motion machines, that is, machines whose output - in this case, a revolving axle that could be used to generate electricity - exceeds its input. The free energy thus generated can solve today's energy crisis! No more coal and oil polluting the atmosphere and warming the planet! No more messy gas or diesel engines on our roads! Simply scale up Bhaskara's wheel and enjoy a Golden Age of Energy. It was a vertical wheel with mercury-filled tubes attached to the rim as the wheel turned, mercury flowed to the lowest parts of the tubes, maintaining the rotation indefinitely - you can see a modern version of Bhaskara wheel's action on YouTube. ![]() Around the year 1180, an Indian mathematician, Bhaskara II, invented what is generally claimed to be the world's first perpetual motion machine.
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